A single board computer (SBC) is an embedded system that integrates the core components of a computer (such as CPU, memory, storage, and I/O interface) on a printed circuit board. Its functional design is intended to provide compact and efficient computing power, suitable for scenarios such as industrial control, Internet of Things, and data acquisition.

Core functions

1. Computing and data processing:

Built-in microprocessor (such as ARM Cortex-A7, Cortex-A53, etc.), supporting basic arithmetic, logical operations, and complex algorithm processing.
Equipped with RAM and Flash storage (such as 256MB DDR3, 256MB NAND Flash) for data caching and program storage, supporting real-time data processing tasks.

2. I/O interface and external device control:

Provides a variety of communication interfaces, including:
Serial communication: UART (for RS-232/485 communication), SPI, I2C, supporting sensor data acquisition and device control.
Network connection: Ethernet (10/100M or Gigabit), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, to achieve data transmission and remote monitoring.
Extension interface: GPIO, PWM, ADC/DAC, used to connect sensors and actuators (such as motors and valves).
Support human-computer interaction: keyboard, LED indicator, LCD/touch screen interface for local operation and status display.

3. System integration and expansion capabilities:

Modular design: functions (such as CAN bus, RS-485, audio processing) can be added through expansion boards to adapt to different application requirements.
Storage expansion: supports SD card, eMMC for data log or program update.
Display output: HDMI, LVDS interface, support graphical interface applications (such as industrial HMI).

4. Environmental adaptability and reliability:

Industrial-grade design: wide operating temperature range (-40°C to 85°C), anti-vibration and electromagnetic interference, suitable for harsh environments.
Low power management: power optimization (such as 3.3V power supply), support for sleep mode, and extend device life.

Typical application areas

Industrial automation: as a controller, used for production line monitoring, motor control, PLC system, to achieve data acquisition and real-time control.
Internet of Things (IoT): process sensor data (such as temperature, humidity) in smart devices and upload to the cloud through wireless communication.
Smart instruments and medical: used for data acquisition terminals and vital signs monitoring equipment to ensure high accuracy and reliability.
Communications and Networks: Supports protocol stacks (such as TCP/IP, LoRaWAN) and is applied to routers, gateways, or remote meter reading systems.
Embedded System Development: As a development platform, it is used for prototyping and teaching, and simplifies hardware integration.