In PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board) design, via parasitic inductance is an important consideration. When current passes through a PCB via hole, a certain parasitic inductance will begenerated due to the geometry and layout of the via hole. This parasitic inductance can have an impact on the circuit's performance and needs to be calculated and considered.

Inductance is the ability of a conductor or coil to respond to changes in electrical current. When current passes through a conductor or coil, a magnetic field is generated, which in turn causes an induced electromotive force inside the conductor or coil, thereby hindering the change of current. This phenomenon is called self-inductance and is one of the basic characteristics of inductors.

  1. Unit: The unit of inductance is Henry.
  2. Application: Inductors are widely used in electronic circuits, communication systems, energy transmission and other fields. For example, used in filtering, impedance matching, energy storage, etc.

Via parasitic inductance calculation method

Different methods can be used to calculate the parasitic inductance of a via. One common method is to use the inductance formula to estimate it. For cylindrical vias, you can use the following formula to calculate their parasitic inductance:

Formula: [L = \frac{{/mu /cdot N^2 /cdot A}}{{l}}]

  • 1.(L) is the parasitic inductance (unit: Henry, H);

2.(/mu) is the magnetic permeability of air, usually taken as (4\pi \times 10^{-7}) Henry/meter (or the magnetic permeability of a specific medium);

  • 3.(N) is the number of turns of the via;
  • 4.(A) is the effective cross-sectional area of the via (unit: square meter, m²);
  • 5.(l) is the length of the via (unit: meter, m).

calculation steps

  1. Determine the geometric parameters of the via: including the diameter, length and other parameters of the via.
  2. Calculate the effective cross-sectional area of the via: For a cylindrical via, the cross-sectional area is the area of the circle, that is (A = \pi \cdot r^2), where (r) is the radius of the via.
  3. Determine the number of turns of the via: The number of turns depends on the wiring around the via and the interlayer connections.
  4. Select the appropriate magnetic permeability: Calculate the parasitic inductance based on the magnetic permeability of the actual material.
  5. Substitute the formula to calculate the parasitic inductance: Substitute the above parameters into the above formula for calculation, and obtain the parasitic inductance value of the via.

Precautions

When calculating via parasitic inductance, the following points need to be considered:

  1. Geometry: The geometry of the via will affect the calculation of parasitic inductance. Generally, cylindrical vias are the most common shape.
  2. Material characteristics: Different materials have different magnetic permeabilities, and the parasitic inductance needs to be calculated based on the magnetic permeability of the actual material.
  3. Number of turns and length: The number of turns and length of the via will affect the value of the parasitic inductance, and these parameters need to be accurately measured.
  4. Influencing factors: Parasitic inductance will affect the bandwidth and speed of signal transmission, so special attention needs to be paid when designing high-frequency circuits.

By calculating the parasitic inductance of vias, you can better understand the potential effects in the circuit and take appropriate measures to reduce unnecessary effects during the design stage. In PCB design, reasonable consideration of parasitic inductance and other parameters can improve the performance and stability of the circuit and ensure the normal operation of the circuit.

When designing PCB, in order to reduce the influence of via parasitic inductance, the following measures can be taken:

  1. Reasonable layout of vias: avoid too dense vias and minimize the interaction between vias.
  2. Reduce the length of the via: Try to shorten the length of the via to reduce the value of parasitic inductance.
  3. Increase the diameter of the via hole: Increasing the diameter of the via hole can reduce the parasitic inductance and improve the performance of signal transmission.